Metronidazole
Generic Name: metronidazole (me troe NI da zole)
Brand Names: Flagyl, Flagyl 375, Flagyl ER, Protostat
What is metronidazole?
Metronidazole is an antibiotic. It fights bacteria in your body.
Metronidazole is used to treat bacterial infections of the vagina, stomach, skin, joints, and respiratory tract. This medication will not treat a vaginal yeast infection.
Metronidazole may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Metronidazole is an antibiotic effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain parasites. Anaerobic bacteria are single-cell living organisms that thrive in low oxygen environments and can cause disease in the abdomen (bacterial peritonitis) liver (liver abscess), and pelvis ( abscess of the ovaries and the fallopian tubes). Giardia lamblia and ameba are parasites that can cause abdominal pain and chronic diarrhea in infected individuals. Metronidazole selectively blocks some of the cell functions in these microorganisms, resulting in their demise.
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 250mg, 500mg.
STORAGE: Metronidazole should be stored at room temperature and protected from light.
PRESCRIBED FOR: Metronidazole is used to treat giardia infections of the small intestines, amebic liver abscess and dysentery (amebic colon infection causing bloody diarrhea), trichomonas vaginal infections, and carriers of trichomonas (both sexual partners) who do not have symptoms of infection. Metronidazole is also used alone or in combination with other antibiotics in treating abscesses in the liver, pelvis, abdomen and brain caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria. Metronidazole is also used in treating colon infection caused by a bacteria called C. difficile. Many commonly used antibiotics can alter the normal type of bacteria that inhabit the colon. C. difficile is an anaerobic bacteria that can infect the colon when the normal bacteria types of the colon are altered by common antibiotics. This leads to inflammation of the colon (pseudomembranous colitis) with severe diarrhea and abdominal pain.
SIDE EFFECTS: Dizziness, headache, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, change in taste sensation or dry mouth may occur. If these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor. Unlikely but report: seizures, loss of consciousness, tingling of hands or feet. Very unlikely but report: unsteadiness, mood/mental changes, rash, itching, sore throat, fever, severe stomach pain, vomiting, vaginal irritation. This drug may cause urine to darken in color. This is not harmful. In the unlikely event you have an allergic reaction to this drug, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an allergic reaction include: rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
